德國專(zhuān)家讀《習近平談治國理政（第三卷）》：擴大開(kāi)放 中國在行動(dòng)

German expert on third volume of 'Xi Jinping: The Governance of China': On the road to expanding opening up

博喜文，德國黑森州歐洲及國際事務(wù)司前司長(cháng)、中國國際投資促進(jìn)中心(德國)榮譽(yù)顧問(wèn)、法學(xué)博士

Dr. Michael Borchmann, former director general of the International Affairs Department in Hesse State, Germany, and senior advisor to the China International Investment Promotion Agency (Germany). The opinion of the author does not necessarily reflect the position of our website.

《習近平談治國理政（第三卷）》中多次強調中國將繼續擴大開(kāi)放。今年第三屆進(jìn)博會(huì )的舉辦，讓世界再次看到中國擴大開(kāi)放的行動(dòng)。

The third volume of "Xi Jinping: The Governance of China" repeatedly emphasizes China's commitment to further opening up. The third China International Import Expo (CIIE) showed China's efforts in expanding opening up once again.

第三屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )開(kāi)幕式于11月4日晚在上海舉行，中國國家主席習近平以視頻方式發(fā)表主旨演講。習近平稱(chēng)：“本屆進(jìn)博會(huì )是在特殊時(shí)期舉辦的。突如其來(lái)的新冠肺炎疫情給各國帶來(lái)嚴重沖擊，也給世界經(jīng)濟帶來(lái)重創(chuàng )。中國在確保防疫安全前提下如期舉辦這一全球貿易盛會(huì )，體現了中國同世界分享市場(chǎng)機遇、推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟復蘇的真誠愿望?！?/p>

"This year's expo was held at a special time," President Xi Jinping said in a keynote speech via video at the opening ceremony of the third CIIE on Nov. 4. "COVID-19, which caught us all by surprise, has hit countries hard and dealt a heavy blow to the world economy."

"As scheduled and confident in the containment protocols that have been put in place, China is hosting this global trade event," he said, adding that the expo "demonstrates China's sincere desire to share its market opportunities with the world and contribute to global economic recovery."

此時(shí)此刻，舉辦這樣一個(gè)具有國際影響力的活動(dòng)確非易事。畢竟，絕大多數國家，尤其是經(jīng)貿大國還深陷疫情危機之中。全球會(huì )展業(yè)也受到了疫情沖擊，在2020年經(jīng)歷了衰退，令人遺憾。在筆者的家鄉法蘭克福，會(huì )展業(yè)是該城市享譽(yù)全球的重要原因。然而從它的現狀中我也無(wú)奈地窺見(jiàn)了會(huì )展業(yè)當下的困境。

The difficulties in hosting such a major event at this moment are self-evident. After all, the vast majority of countries around the world, especially the ones with large economies and trade activities, are still caught up in the pandemic. The exhibition and convention industry also suffered a huge setback due to the pandemic this year in a sad way. This dire situation is also seen in my hometown Frankfurt, which is well known for its trade fairs. 

今年五月, 有關(guān)進(jìn)博會(huì )的好消息傳遍了國際會(huì )展業(yè)。在新冠肺炎疫情沖擊國際貿易背景下，中國商務(wù)部副部長(cháng)、中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )組委會(huì )辦公室主任王炳南在第三屆進(jìn)博會(huì )集體簽約儀式上表示，第三屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )將于今年11月在上海舉辦。當日50余家企業(yè)分別完成簽約。由于疫情的巨大影響，世界經(jīng)濟面臨坎坷的一年, 進(jìn)博會(huì )對于許多跨國公司來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)絕好的信息。

In May, the good news about the CIIE spread across the international convention and exhibition sector. At a signing ceremony, CIIE Bureau Director and China's Vice Minister of Commerce Wang Bingnan announced that, despite the risks and uncertainties incurred by the COVID-19 outbreak, the CIIE would take place in Shanghai in November as scheduled. Also at the ceremony, more than 50 companies confirmed their participation in the expo. For many multinational companies that were hit hard by the pandemic in a year of global economic gloom, the message was really encouraging.

為了更好地了解進(jìn)博會(huì )，我們有必要回顧一下它的歷史。2017年5月14日，“進(jìn)博會(huì )”這個(gè)詞成為全球公眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。當日，中共中央總書(shū)記、國家主席習近平出席“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇并發(fā)表主旨演講。他表示，中國將積極同“一帶一路”建設參與國發(fā)展互利共贏(yíng)的經(jīng)貿伙伴關(guān)系，促進(jìn)同各相關(guān)國家貿易和投資便利化，建設“一帶一路”自由貿易網(wǎng)絡(luò )。中國將從2018年起舉辦中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )。

To have a full picture of the CIIE, it is worth a look at its history. The CIIE became a buzzword on May 14, 2017. In a keynote speech at the Belt ant Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing on that day, Xi said China would endeavor to build win-win business partnership with other countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative, enhance trade and investment facilitation with them, and build a Belt and Road free trade network. He announced that China would hold the CIIE starting from 2018. 

中國從一開(kāi)始就高度重視這一項目。在2018上海首屆進(jìn)博會(huì )開(kāi)幕之前，中國就已經(jīng)舉辦了許多相關(guān)活動(dòng)。比如商務(wù)部部長(cháng)鐘山在2017年11月5日舉行的首屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )倒計時(shí)一周年啟動(dòng)儀式上說(shuō)，舉辦進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )，是中國主動(dòng)向世界開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)的重大舉措。

China attached importance to the event from the outset, as evidenced in numerous activities held before the first CIIE in 2018. At a countdown ceremony on Nov. 5, 2017, to mark one year until the first CIIE, China's Minister of Trade Zhong Shan described the event as China's major initiative to proactively widen market access to the rest of the world.

習近平主席在2018年和2019年連續兩年出席了進(jìn)博會(huì )的開(kāi)幕式，凸顯了進(jìn)博會(huì )的重大意義。在2018年進(jìn)博會(huì )開(kāi)幕式上，習近平主席傳達了一個(gè)核心信息：舉辦中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )，是中國著(zhù)眼于推動(dòng)新一輪高水平對外開(kāi)放作出的重大決策，是中國主動(dòng)向世界開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)的重大舉措。在單邊主義和貿易保護主義日漸抬頭的時(shí)期，關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題是要釋放支持自由貿易和多邊主義的明確信號。事實(shí)已經(jīng)證明，中國進(jìn)博會(huì )舉辦得非常成功。首屆中國國際進(jìn)口博覽會(huì )共有來(lái)自五大洲的172個(gè)國家、地區和國際組織參會(huì )，超過(guò)3600家企業(yè)參展。習近平主席不僅在開(kāi)幕式上發(fā)表了主旨演講，還同與會(huì )的眾多外國領(lǐng)導人共同巡館。

In particular, the importance of the CIIE was underlined by the fact that President Xi Jinping attended the event for two years in a row in 2018 and 2019. At the opening ceremony of 2018's CIIE, Xi sent a key message that hosting the event was an important decision made by China to pursue a new round of high-level opening-up, and it was China's major initiative to widen market access to the rest of the world. At a time of growing unilateralism and protectionism, it was important to send out a clear signal of advocating for free trade and multilateralism. The CIIE proved to be a big success. Attending the first CIIE were 172 countries, regions, and international organizations, as well as more than 3,600 companies. President Xi not only delivered a keynote speech at the opening ceremony, but also visited pavilions and booths along with other foreign leaders. 

與2018年相比，2019年進(jìn)博會(huì )取得了更加豐碩的成果，累計意向成交額比首屆增長(cháng)超過(guò)20%。第二屆進(jìn)博會(huì )吸引了181個(gè)國家、地區和國際組織參會(huì )，3800多家企業(yè)參加企業(yè)展，超過(guò)50萬(wàn)名境內外專(zhuān)業(yè)采購商到會(huì )洽談采購。習近平主席再次強調了中國進(jìn)博會(huì )的理念是全球化的體現：“長(cháng)江、尼羅河、亞馬孫河、多瑙河晝夜不息、奔騰向前”“大江大河奔騰向前的勢頭是誰(shuí)也阻擋不了的”。習近平說(shuō)，要“堅持‘拉手’而不是‘松手’，堅持‘拆墻’而不是‘筑墻’”。

The second CIIE bore even more fruits than the first, with the value of intended deals produced at the event increasing over 20%. It attracted 181 countries, regions, and international organizations, more than 3,800 exhibitors, and more than 500,000 Chinese and foreign buyers who explored business deals. 

President Xi reaffirmed that the concept of the CIIE was an embodiment of globalization, saying, "The Yangtze, the Nile, the Amazon and the Danube — they all surge forward in relentless flow. Nothing can stop their mighty movement, not the current of undertows or hidden shoals or rocks beneath the water."

"We need to 'join hands' with each other instead of 'letting go' of each other's hands," he said. "We need to 'tear down walls,' not to 'erect walls.'"

在這樣的歷史背景下，再結合當下疫情形勢，第三屆進(jìn)博會(huì )的舉辦無(wú)疑是振奮人心的。本屆進(jìn)博會(huì )企業(yè)商業(yè)展規劃面積36萬(wàn)平方米，比第二屆增加了6萬(wàn)平方米。展會(huì )共包括6個(gè)展區：食品及農產(chǎn)品展區、汽車(chē)展區、技術(shù)裝備展區、消費品展區、醫療器械和醫藥保健展區、服務(wù)貿易展區?；顒?dòng)舉辦方一如既往地進(jìn)行了認真的準備工作，特別是針對疫情，制定了疫情防控工作總體方案，采取了一系列措施來(lái)防止疫情傳播，以此確保參展人員的安全。

Against the historic background and in view of the current pandemic situation, the third CIIE was a shot in the arm. This year's expo had an exhibition area of 360,000 square meters, 60,000 square meters larger than a year ago. It featured six exhibition areas: food and agricultural products, automobiles, consumer goods, medical equipment and healthcare products, and trade in services. As always, the organizers prepared carefully for the event. Especially in regards to pandemic prevention and control, they formulated a master plan and put containment protocols in place to ensure the safety of participants. 

國際社會(huì )紛紛積極評價(jià)第三屆進(jìn)博會(huì )，僅舉幾個(gè)例子：

The international community spoke highly of the third CIIE. The following are just a few examples.

法國駐華大使羅梁（Laurent Bili）指出，參與的法國知名公司數量持續增長(cháng)。在談到中國經(jīng)濟和市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展時(shí)，他強調，中國經(jīng)濟在新冠肺炎疫情后迅速復蘇，這對中國、歐盟和法國都是好消息。

Laurent Bili, French ambassador to China, said the number of famous French firms participating in the CIIE continued to increase. Speaking of the Chinese economy and the Chinese market, he said the Chinese economy has recovered quickly from the fallout of COVID-19, which is a good news for China, the EU, and France. 

意中商會(huì )（CICC）秘書(shū)長(cháng)馬可?貝廷（Marco Bettin）敦促意大利企業(yè)參加進(jìn)博會(huì )，并強調，面對疫情大流行，中國經(jīng)濟復蘇“目前已經(jīng)達到了令人難以置信的水平”。

Marco Bettin, secretary-general of the China-Italy Chamber of Commerce, urged Italian companies to participate and stressed that China's economic recovery has "reached an incredible level at the moment" amid the COVID-19 pandemic. 

寶馬中國區首席執行官高樂(lè )（Jochen Goller）最近在一次采訪(fǎng)中表示：“由于疫情大流行，今年的進(jìn)博會(huì )尤為重要。中國是世界主要經(jīng)濟體中第一個(gè)成功戰勝疫情的國家。因此，我們在中國的業(yè)務(wù)也在迅速恢復?！?/p>

"This year's expo was of particular importance because of the pandemic. China was the first major economy to successfully contain the virus," Jochen Goller, president and CEO of BMW Region China, said in a recent interview. "Thanks to this, our business in China is also recovering quickly."

新加坡國立大學(xué)李光耀公共政策學(xué)院的顧清揚副教授認為：在國際供應鏈遭到破壞、疫情、保護主義抬頭背景下，第三屆進(jìn)博會(huì )讓世界經(jīng)濟有了希望和信心。

Gu Qingyang, an associate professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, noted that as global supply chains were disrupted and protectionism rose amid the pandemic, the third CIIE gave hope and confidence to the world's economy.